Yes, the article's a bit dense but Pope's main point: air pollution is associated with a much higher excess risk and loss of life expectancy compared to cigarette smoking than would be expected based on the comparative dose of fine PM. In other words, the actual health risks of pollution are much higher than the PM2.5 levels would suggest
Nicotine, the common denominator between smoking and vaping, plays a significant role in bodily changes
Biography of Rosalynn Carter, The Jimmy Carter Presidential Library and Museum , accessed June 27, 2022, Carter, First Lady From Plains , 22-26
The Tobacco and Vapes Bill would have made it an offence for shopkeepers to sell tobacco or herbal smoking products, or cigarette papers, to anybody born after January 1 2009, and it had almost cleared the House of Commons before Rishi Sunak called the General Election in May