Reynolds and Philip Morris, the two largest tobacco companies in the United States, opposed the required warnings in letters to the FDA
Patch pipettes (48 M) were pulled from thin wall borosilicate glass (G150TF-3, Warner Instruments) using a micropipette puller (P-87, Sutter Instruments, Novato, CA) and filled with a KGlu-based intra-pipette solution containing (in mM): 116 K-gluconate, 10-20 HEPES, 0.5 EGTA, 6 KCl, 2 NaCl, 4 ATP, 0.3 GTP, and 2 mg/mL biocytin (pH adjusted to 7.2)
The actual levels of these metals varied greatly from sample to sample, and often were much higher than safe limits. E-cigarette heating coils typically are made of nickel, chromium, and a few other elements, making them the most obvious sources of metal contamination, although the source of the lead remains a mystery
Gardiner P, Clark PI