Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of electronic cigarette liquids on human mucosal tissue cultures of the oropharynx
The number of puffs required to match a cigarette with a Juul can vary depending on individual smoking habits and the nicotine strength of the Juul pod
A study of 3D organotypic nasal epithelial culture showed that the impact of IQOS was substantially lower than CS in terms of cytotoxicity, tissue morphology, proinflammatory mediators, ciliary function, transcriptome perturbations, and miRNA expression profiles 59
Following the transfer, membranes were blocked with Superblock (Thermo Fisher Scientific) for 1 h at room temperature and then incubated overnight at 4C with the following primary antibodies: phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), JNK (Cell Signaling Technology, MA, United States), hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4) (Abcam), CYP2E1, CYP1A2, CYP3A11, and -actin (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, CA, United States)