This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health, the UCLA Medical Scientist Training Program, a UCLA David Geffen School of MedicineBroad Stem Cell Research Center COVID-19 Research Award, the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine, the UCLA Clinical and Translational Science Institute (supported by National Institutes of Healths National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences), the Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program, and the Ablon Scholars Program at the UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and UCLA Broad Stem Cell Research Center.
We did not find literature assessing the impact of out-of-pocket (OOP) costs on lung cancer screening, but screening is unlikely to be significantly financially burdensome because cancer care and treatment is free for all citizens regardless of health insurance status
Australia became the first country to ban logos on cigarette packaging in 2012 and has reported a drop in smoking rates in the years since, while other nations notably Canada are working on plans to introduce similar measures to reduce tobacco usage
At 6.40 per packet of cigarettes, tobacco duty can account for a large proportion of household income, equating to a 1,000 per year for a household smoking three packets of cigarettes per week
